At 16:00 on May 13, the official website of the State Administration of Market Supervision announced that the suspected monopoly of HowNet was investigated according to law HowNet is deeply involved in the vortex of public opinion, and the storm can be described as wave after wave. Many papers signed by academician Zhong Nanshan were also used by HowNet for profit. The daily economic news reporter (hereinafter referred to as "every reporter") found that academician Zhongnanshan's open-source free papers on the treatment of COVID-19 need to be paid to obtain them on HowNet.
Park Shilong, 45, who added the "youngest academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Chinese Academy of Sciences" in 2021, was also not spared. An article jointly signed by him and many scholars was also displayed as a charge at the main station of HowNet. But the article is actually available for free.
HowNet not only makes profit by using the papers of well-known experts and scholars, but also collects the degree papers of college students and sells them for money. A doctoral student of Beijing Foreign Studies University revealed in every wechat interview that his paper was included in HowNet in March, but he didn't get any income.
The world is prosperous, all for profit; The world is bustling, all for profit.
Every reporter's investigation found that the gross profit margin of HowNet was as high as 53.35%, and nearly 90% of A-share listed companies were "crushed".
One side is the high gross profit of HowNet, and the other is the overburdened renewal fees of academic institutions and universities. In the face of "ten million level renewal fee", even the Chinese Academy of Sciences is trying to escape the "knowledge network" built by HowNet.
Academician Zhong Nanshan has many open source papers
You need to pay for it at HowNet master station
Every reporter's in-depth investigation found that in the HowNet platform, there are two situations of charging and not charging for the same article: articles that are completely free in its foreign library have to be paid to download at the main site. Even many articles signed by academician Zhong Nanshan have been "routine" by the HowNet main site.
There are two ways to query the foreign periodical literature included in HowNet:
1
Search and query through the main site of the official website
The main station mainly collects articles published in domestic journals, and a considerable part of the articles need to be charged.
2
Search and query through academic search site (foreign language database)
The site mainly collects articles published by foreign publishers, and provides jump links (DOI, unique identifier of digital objects) to foreign journal databases. The fees are subject to foreign publishers.
Taking an English journal article "preliminary evidence from a multicenter prospective observational study of the safety and efficacy of chloroquine for the treatment of covid-19" jointly signed by academician Zhong Nanshan as an example, the article needs to pay 4.5 yuan to obtain in the "Journal" database of the main website of HowNet, However, in the foreign language periodical Library of HowNet, you can directly jump to the foreign database open access (OA, hereinafter referred to as OA, that is, readers can read for free).
HowNet master site display charge
The DOI link provided by HowNet foreign library can be directly jumped to open access
However, when searching the above articles at the main site of HowNet, the column of "general library" shows that there is only one paid article, which does not prompt that a free article with exactly the same content is also included in the foreign library.
The main site only displays paid articles, which have been downloaded on HowNet for 39 times
Another article jointly signed by academician Zhong Nanshan, "strategies for reopening in the forward coming covid-19 era in China", also has the above situation. It needs to charge 1 yuan at the main site of HowNet, and you can directly jump to the foreign periodical library for free reading in the foreign library.
Each reporter also found that the above two articles written by academician Zhong Nanshan were published in the National Science Review (NSR), which was commissioned by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and China Science and technology publishing media Co., Ltd. to be published by Oxford University Press around the world. Oxford University Press and science of China announced in 2019 that NSR was published as a fully open access journal.
In the case of fully open access overseas, NSR (National Science Review) is marked as "CNKI exclusive" in the "Journal Library" of HowNet's main site (as shown in the figure below).
The HowNet page shows that the total number of downloads of NSR is 41384 and the total number of references is 6632.
In addition, every reporter also noticed that the copyright marked on both the paid and free versions is completely the same, that is, the copyright belongs to China Science magazine, which is published by Elsevier, a world-famous academic publishing giant, and China Science magazine. There is no "HowNet" in the copyright.
In view of the above situation, Yu Wenzhu, a partner of Shize law firm who has focused on the field of intellectual property for 12 years, said in an interview with reporters, "The reason for this may be that the license contract between the copyright owner of the journal and HowNet only stipulates that HowNet is the exclusive licensee in China. This does not affect the copyright owner to license the use of the journal outside China to a third party, such as allowing niujin university library to publish the Journal online." But she also stressed, "even so, HowNet should also be marked as' China exclusive ', otherwise it is suspected of misleading consumers."
It is worth mentioning that lawyer Yu is also a member of the Copyright Committee of the International Trademark Association (inta) and the Intellectual Property Committee of the Chinese National Committee of the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC).
In addition, through the public contact information on the official website of science of China, the reporter contacted the website director, sales and marketing department and information science sub journal respectively. The staff said on the phone that the journal articles can be downloaded free of charge on the official website of science of China, but they were not clear about the charges of HowNet and the cooperation content with HowNet.
In addition to academician Zhong Nanshan's papers, there are many well-known scholars in the industry among the literature authors overlapped and included by HowNet. In 2021, park Shilong, the "youngest academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Chinese Academy of Sciences" and 45 years old, jointly signed the English article "no benefits from warning even for Subnival vegetation in the central Himalayas" with a number of scholars. He searched the English title through the main website of HowNet, and the result showed the paid articles with Chinese title by default.
The title of the "hidden edge of the Himalayan Mountains" in Chinese can not be purchased from the "hidden edge of the Himalayan Mountains" magazine in English. The foreign language database of HowNet can be directly transferred to foreign databases for free.
After HowNet bought this article, the reporter compared it with the version downloaded from foreign databases for free and found that there was no difference in the text.
Every search by the reporter found that many English articles signed by academician Pu Shilong and academician Zhong Nanshan can indeed download the full text free of charge on the official website of science of China.
For the above-mentioned overseas open source articles, the reporter of "daily economic news" tried to contact academician Zhong Nanshan to comment. As of press time, no reply has been received.
Dialogue HowNet:
Searching through the foreign library is free
Why do you charge through the main station
For a paper "thermoelectric characteristics of semiconductor minerals in Earth's deep crust and their seismic significance" included in the journal library of HowNet's main site, the main site of HowNet charges 3 yuan, and through HowNet's "foreign language database", it can be directly jumped to foreign databases for open access.
Every time the reporter spends 3 yuan to download the paper on the main website, and then compares it with the articles freely obtained from foreign databases, it is found that the text contents of the two are also completely consistent.
It is worth noting that when searching the above articles at the main site of HowNet, the "master database" is also the default search display charged version, and will not present the free version of the foreign language periodical library at the same time.
The reporter contacted HowNet customer service as a consumer to reflect the above problems. The following is the QQ chat record between NBD and HowNet readers' manual customer service (hereinafter referred to as HowNet):
*NBD: * for the same article, you need to charge for searching through the Journal on the HowNet home page. If you enter through the HowNet foreign library, you can directly lead to the original source of Elsevier (Foreign Journal). Why is there a charge for journals through the main site, while searching through the foreign library is free?
*HowNet: * Hello, the teacher in charge of this hair has checked the reason. Can I refund the fee for you? 3 yuan will be paid back to the account. Generally, there will be no such situation. Check the reason, whether there is an error on the Internet or something.
*NBD: * what is an Internet error? I checked many papers by the way, and I said this situation. Is this still an Internet error?
*HowNet: * maybe because the website of HowNet center is collected in cooperation with this magazine, it is paid. The website of foreign language source is not owned by their magazine, so it is free.
Are there many articles? This seems to belong to Elsevier too. The source of the foreign library is Elsevier, which is free. The library on the homepage of HowNet is the source of the magazine, so it is charged. This may be the reason. You need to check with the responsible teacher.
*NBD: * then why is Elsevier free and the magazine source charged? What is the reason why HowNet magazine source charges?
*HowNet: * the articles of the magazine are signed by HowNet and the editorial department of the magazine, and the copyright fee is paid. There are also magazine fees, so they are charged.
*NBD: * as an individual reader / user, I can get Elsevier's source for free through HowNet's external library. Why do I need to pay for downloading through HowNet magazine's source?
*HowNet: * I don't know exactly.
HowNet gross profit margin 53.35%
"Rolling" nearly 90% of A-share listed companies
According to the reporter's combing, with its share in the domestic university market and rising fees, the gross profit margin of HowNet has stabilized at more than 50% in the last five fiscal years.
The latest 2021 annual report shows that during the reporting period, Tongfang Zhiwang's net profit was about 194 million yuan, with a gross profit margin of 53.35%.
Source: Tongfang shares' 2021 Annual Report
What is the concept of 53.35% gross profit margin? According to the data of wind financial terminal, the gross profit margin ranks 574 among the 4690 listed companies with comparable data of a shares, which is in the top 12.24% of the companies, and more than 90% (87.76%) of the listed companies.
So, where does the 53.35% gross profit margin of HowNet come from? What kind of profit model can make HowNet win a net profit of nearly 200 million yuan every year?
(1) The purchase cost of user database is often millions
According to the information on HowNet's official website, CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure) is the largest academic resource channel in China. The main markets include universities, public libraries, scientific research institutions, innovative enterprises, hospitals, agricultural technology associations, etc. The market share of colleges and universities is 100%, and that of other major markets is more than 60%.
Source: HowNet
Institutional users often spend millions a year purchasing HowNet databases. Every time the reporter saw on the procurement website in late April, many colleges and universities released the announcement of purchasing CNKI database services in 2022 this month. For example:
The transaction price of Fudan University CNKI database in 2022 was 825000 yuan, that of China University of mining and Technology (Beijing) CNKI database in 2022 was about 1.07 million yuan, the budget of Zhejiang University to purchase CNKI database was 1.12 million yuan, that of Southwest University for Nationalities CNKI database in 2022 was 1.16 million yuan, and that of Beijing University of science and technology CNKI database in 2022 was 1.3 million yuan
Source: screenshot of purchase announcement page
In addition to colleges and universities, banks, hospitals and provincial and municipal academies of social sciences have also recently publicized the procurement contract for using CNKI database services in 2022 on the HowNet. Among them, the bid winning price of CNKI series Document Resources ordered by the Institute of agricultural information, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences in 2022 is 1.15 million yuan.
(2) Subscription fees have risen year after year
In recent years, the renewal fee of HowNet has risen year by year, which has also been criticized by academic institutions.
In April this year, due to the high cost of database renewal, the news that the Chinese Academy of Sciences considered suspending the use of HowNet was posted on the hot search.
According to the screenshot from the Internet, the information from the literature and information center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences shows that the renewal price of CNKI database has always maintained a high increase. In 2021, the total ordering cost of CNKI database of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Group reached tens of millions, becoming the "Big Mac" in the introduction of resources of the group. Therefore, the literature and information center of Chinese Academy of Sciences is considering to form an alternative guarantee for CNKI database through VIP journal database and Wanfang dissertation database.
In fact, it is not just the Chinese Academy of Sciences group that can bear such a heavy burden. In the past decade, six universities, including Peking University, Wuhan University of technology and Nanjing Normal University, once announced the suspension of HowNet due to the high rise in renewal fees.
In 2016, Wuhan University of Technology said in a statement at that time that since 2000, Tongfang HowNet's quotation has increased by more than 10% every year, and 24.36% in 2012. From 2010 to 2016, the average annual increase was 18.98% [1]
"HowNet will set the price according to the album (sub Library) set. When the ordering content remains unchanged, it will increase by 5% ~ 10% every year." In an interview with reporters on wechat, a database subscriber of a university in Beijing said that the price increase of HowNet to his school has been maintained at an average of about 6.5% in the past three years.
The reporter found that the procurement cost of the HowNet database of Beijing Language and Culture University was 445000 yuan in 2019; In 2020, it was RMB 505000, with a year-on-year increase of 13.5%; In 2021, it was 565000 yuan, an increase of 11.9% year-on-year; About 655000 yuan in 2022, up 15.9% year-on-year. The average annual growth rate in the past three years was about 13.8%.
The procurement cost of HowNet database of Fudan University is about 754900 yuan in 2019; In 2020, it was about 784800 yuan, with a year-on-year increase of about 4%; In 2021, it was about 805000 yuan, with a year-on-year increase of about 2%; In 2022, it was about 825000 yuan, a year-on-year increase of about 3.1%. The average annual growth rate in the past three years has been about 3%.
As for the increase, the above-mentioned database subscriber further explained to the reporter: "sometimes it is less than 5%. The pricing and increase of schools of different sizes may be different, which should be related to the sales strategy and the negotiation between Party A and Party B."
When asked what he thought of the price set by HowNet, he told reporters that "the unreasonable thing is that the base number is high, and there is a different degree of increase every year, while the prices of other Chinese databases are relatively stable. Mainly because of the influence of HowNet among teachers and students, libraries and schools will not stop ordering easily, so they are relatively strong in terms of price."
The reporter found that in terms of price alone, compared with other databases on the market, HowNet is indeed a bit higher. According to the announcement of the transaction results of 13 database procurement projects of the library of Central South University for nationalities, the transaction amount of HowNet reached 724000 yuan, while the number of superstars was 231000 yuan and 10000 square meters was 130000 yuan. From the procurement situation of the University, the price of HowNet database is three times and five times that of super star chart and 10000 square meter respectively.
According to the above-mentioned person, "on the one hand, the literature gathered by HowNet platform is relatively complete in type and large in quantity. Relatively speaking, comprehensive retrieval is also more convenient. With more types, they sell according to the type of album, which is more expensive."
(3) Contribution income of duplicate Inspection Service
Every reporter noticed that the duplicate inspection service of HowNet is also one of the contribution sectors of its income. A person from HowNet once disclosed to southern weekend that two-thirds of HowNet's income comes from the database, and a large part of the remaining one-third depends on the "duplicate inspection fee" [2]
Paper duplication checking is a barrier that many college students can't get around on the way to graduation. Generally speaking, it is necessary to compare the graduation thesis with the existing database to ensure that the coincidence degree between the article and the existing thesis meets the specified scope of the University.
According to the data of the Ministry of education, there were 3012 colleges and universities in China in 2021 [3 ] HowNet said in the introduction of the academic misconduct duplicate checking system that more than 99% of colleges and universities are their paying users. In addition to HowNet, domestic academic databases such as VIP and Wanfang are also partners of some schools.
In early 2019, in the academic fraud of young actor Zhai Tianlin, netizens checked the duplicate of his 2783 word essay, which cost 68 yuan on HowNet at that time. According to the charging standard of VIP and Wanfang duplicate checking system, papers with the same number of words only cost 12 yuan in VIP and 7.8 yuan in Wanfang [4]
Source: Official Website of Wanfang paper detection system
Image source: VIP paper detection system official website
2018 present
HowNet was involved in 1075 disputes as the defendant
HowNet also has the problem of collecting dissertations of college students for profit.
A doctoral student of Beijing Foreign Studies University revealed in every wechat interview that his paper was included in HowNet in March, but he didn't get any income.
The reporter inquired about the "notice on receiving remuneration for dissertations" on HowNet's official website and found that the copyright owner of the doctoral thesis can obtain 400 yuan of "CNKI network database general search reading card" and 100 yuan of cash remuneration. If the value is simply added, it is only 500 yuan, which is the highest remuneration paid by HowNet for academic papers.
At the end of the above notice, "please confirm that the author of the published dissertation will contact our society to receive the remuneration".
In other words, the author also needs to contact HowNet to get remuneration.
The aforementioned doctoral student of Beijing Foreign Studies University told reporters that she was completely unaware of the compensation.
The reporter searched on the social platform and found that this is not an example. Some users even said that they need to pay for downloading their own papers.
Every time the reporter inquires about the "China HowNet member traffic billing standard table" on the official website of HowNet, it is found that the billing standard for the regular digital publishing and downloading of the full text of the journal is 0.5 yuan / page, the master's thesis is 7.5 yuan / copy, and the doctoral thesis is 9.5 yuan / copy. Before the price adjustment at the end of last year, the master's and doctoral dissertations were 15 yuan / copy and 25 yuan / copy respectively.
The reporter randomly found a paper with high download volume on Zhiwang. It was signed by Chen Hao's doctoral thesis "optimal management of fuel cell / lithium battery hybrid system" of Zhejiang University. The download volume was 1810 times and the download cost was 9.5 yuan / copy. Theoretically, the above paper can bring about 17195 yuan to HowNet. However, for Chen Hao, the author of the doctoral thesis, he can only get a 400 yuan recharge card and a 100 yuan cash reward.
Every time the reporter inquires about qixinbao app, it is found that the e-magazine of China Academic Journal (CD version), the organizer of HowNet, has its own risks as high as 2350. The recent risk types are disputes over infringement of works' information network communication right, copyright ownership and infringement. From 2018 to May 13, 2022, the magazine involved 1285 judicial related cases. Among them, there were 1075 related cases of the magazine as the defendant, accounting for more than 83%.
In terms of the types of cases, there were 638 disputes over copyright ownership and infringement, 560 disputes over infringement of works' information network dissemination right, 35 disputes over infringement of other works' property rights, 26 Disputes over infringement of intellectual property rights and 16 Disputes over infringement of works' authorship.
Source: qixinbao
Every reporter noticed that in these cases, the plaintiff was mostly an educational information enterprise named Beijing Century superstar Information Technology Development Co., Ltd. In the legal document of the dispute case with the electronic magazine of China Academic Journal (CD version), the company stated that it had signed the letter of authorization for personal works with an author and enjoyed the right of information network communication for the articles involved, which is an exclusive right of use. However, HowNet provided paid online reading and paid download services for the above articles without the plaintiff's authorization.
Several judgments showed that the court held that HowNet infringed the information network communication right enjoyed by century superstar company for the works involved, and ordered HowNet to compensate the company for economic losses ranging from 10000 to 20000 yuan.
However, some legal documents also show that the court ruled that the plaintiff did not have a clear and clear qualification of litigation subject, so the lawsuit was rejected.
At present, a total of 405 legal documents have been published on qixinbao, and 401 cases of China Academic Journal (CD-ROM) e-magazine as the defendant.
In addition, the reporter also noted that there are not a few disputes in which the plaintiff is an individual, including Dou Yingtai, Chen Yingsong, Wang Bisheng, Tang Xiaoying and other domestic writers. At present, every reporter can't find the works signed by the above-mentioned writers on the Internet.
In the dispute case in which the plaintiff is an individual, the most concerned is Zhao Dexin, a retired professor of Zhongnan University of economics and law, who sued the HowNet for unauthorized inclusion of more than 100 papers. Professor Zhao Dexin has appealed for rights protection since 2013, and all the cases have won, with a total compensation of more than 700000 yuan [5]
On December 10, 2021, HowNet issued the "explanation on issues related to" Professor Zhao Dexin's lawsuit against China HowNet for compensation ", apologized to Professor Zhao Dexin, and removed all his papers from the shelves after losing the lawsuit, and his articles have not been included so far.
Zhao Dexin's wife Zhou xiuluan also chose to protect her rights. The court decided to compensate Zhou xiuluan for a single article on HowNet ranging from 2100 yuan to 2400 yuan. HowNet appealed against the excessive amount of compensation. Recently, the Beijing Intellectual Property Court rejected HowNet's appeal in the second instance and made a final judgment upholding the original judgment.
In this regard, lawyer Yu Wenzhu told every reporter, "Papers are written works and protected by copyright law. In recent years, many authors of papers have sued HowNet for copyright infringement. In these cases, HowNet claimed that the authors of the papers they collected had signed a contract with the publishing house at the time of submission, agreed to receive the papers by HowNet, or agreed to transfer the property rights in the copyright to the publishing house, and the publishing house had signed a license agreement with HowNet. However, the court held that the author and the publishing house The relevant authorization terms signed by the publishing house are standard terms, so the terms are invalid, and the publishing house has not obtained the right to sublicense to HowNet from the author. Therefore, the publication of relevant papers on HowNet should obtain the consent (permission) of the author, otherwise it will constitute an infringement of the author's Copyright (specifically, it infringes the information network communication right in the copyright). "
Lawyer Yu Wenzhu further said, "in practice, the common practice of HowNet is to collect articles first and then pay the license fee after contacting the author, which is equivalent to reconciliation with the author and supplementary authorization. This practice of infringement before remedy is not worth advocating."
HowNet: it will take the investigation of the State Administration of market supervision as an opportunity to make thorough rectification
Although HowNet was established only two years earlier than VIP and Wanfang, with the passage of time, the advantages of HowNet have expanded year by year and gradually become the largest academic resource database in China. Even the standardized format of domestic academic papers is also formulated by HowNet. At the same time, with the increasing abundance of scientific research resources, HowNet has a stronger voice in the industry.
It is undeniable that sitting on the largest academic resource pool in China, HowNet has great advantages in weight inspection, but the high cost has also been questioned by many people as suspected of monopoly.
"The duplicate checking system provided by HowNet to the school can check for students once free, but once is far from enough. Therefore, students can only (go outside) spend money to buy additional duplicate checking times," the database ordering personnel of a university in Beijing told reporters
Every reporter learned that although HowNet has always claimed that it never provides duplicate inspection services to individuals, college students often carry out duplicate inspection at their own expense through other means because they are worried that the final repetition rate is too high.
For the above statement, every reporter has been confirmed from the mouth of college graduates. Xiao Zhang (a pseudonym), a 2017 graduate of a university in Sichuan, said that the school's account will provide a free duplicate check opportunity for HowNet. After modification, he will have to check it several times to continue submitting. His undergraduate graduation thesis has been checked four times in total. "The price of weight check is still floating. The closer it is to the graduation season, the more expensive it will be," Zhang added
For the above phenomenon, renmin.com once commented: "HowNet does not open personal duplicate checking business to students. In the process of cooperation with colleges and universities, it provides few free duplicate checking opportunities. To a certain extent, it promotes the behavior that students have to spend money to buy duplicate checking services from criminals."
On April 26, World Intellectual Property Day, people's daily commented that HowNet has been criticized by consumers repeatedly because of its price problem, which has frequently provoked public anger and even raised questions about suspected industry monopoly. It is reasonable to deeply reflect on the rationality of its own behavior. However, it is regrettable that in the turmoil of public opinion, we can't see the actual action of China HowNet. What we see is that it takes advantage of its dominant market position to continuously raise prices, which embarrasses and burdens all units; We can't see the institutions positioned as "National Knowledge Infrastructure" fulfill their due social responsibilities. We can see that they earn a lot.
At the beginning of May 2022, every reporter sent interview letters to HowNet and Tongfang for many times on issues related to the collection of papers in HowNet database and pricing disputes. On the evening of May 9, the relevant person of HowNet confirmed to the reporter that he had received the interview letter, but the company "does not accept the interview now".
The reporter noted that recently, some netizens asked about the Tongfang shares of the parent company of HowNet about the rationality of the renewal fee of HowNet database and whether a large number of negative public opinions have an impact on the company's profits. After the closing on May 9, Tongfang replied: "we have paid attention to the public opinion of HowNet, and HowNet is also rethinking, studying the optimization and improvement of business model and actively carrying out rectification. HowNet will make relevant rectification measures available to the public at an appropriate time and respond."
On May 13, Tongfang HowNet (Beijing) Technology Co., Ltd. announced that on that day, the State Administration of market supervision and administration filed an investigation on HowNet's suspected monopoly, and the company firmly supported and fully cooperated. The company will take this investigation as an opportunity to conduct profound self-examination, comprehensive self-examination, complete rectification, operate in accordance with the law, innovate the development model, assume the social responsibility of China's knowledge infrastructure, strive to build HowNet into a world-class academic resource information platform with Chinese characteristics, promote academic communication and exchange, promote national scientific and technological innovation, and provide better services for the majority of authors and readers.
Guangming Daily: release the signal of normalized supervision of the platform economy according to law
Guangming Daily commented on this matter. The author is Shi Jianzhong, a member of the expert advisory group of the antitrust Commission of the State Council and a professor of China University of political science and law.
Guangming Daily commented that on the basis of preliminary verification, the State Administration of market supervision filed an investigation into the suspected monopoly of HowNet, which is an important measure for China's anti-monopoly law enforcement agencies to actively respond to social concerns and implement normalized supervision of the platform economy according to law. It is also important for maintaining fair competition in the academic literature database service market, promoting knowledge production and flow, promoting innovation and development It is of great significance to protect the interests of consumers and social public interests with authors and readers as the main body.
The comments pointed out that the platform economy is a new organization of productivity and a new driving force for economic development. It plays an important role in optimizing resource allocation, promoting industrial upgrading, expanding the consumer market and stabilizing employment. HowNet is a typical platform enterprise. Its case filing and investigation is a specific measure to deeply implement the CPC Central Committee's implementation of normalized supervision, which is conducive to releasing a clear signal to the market, enabling the market to establish a more reliable, stable and sustainable expectation of the rule of law, enhancing the self-compliance awareness of platform enterprises, guiding and encouraging platform enterprises to carry out high-level competition through technological innovation and model innovation, and continuously improving their core competitiveness. Through the implementation of normalized antitrust supervision, we will continue to purify the competitive environment in the field of platform economy, optimize the innovation mechanism, ensure the healthy and high-quality development of platform economy, and give better play to the positive role of platform economy in promoting scientific and technological innovation and prospering the economy, facilitating people's lives and participating in international competition.