The world bank and s&p global market intelligence released the latest 2021 global container port performance index (CPPI), which included 370 ports in the world. In the global ranking, ports in the Middle East account for four of the top five. CPPI is a comparable index of the performance of global container ports and is intended to serve as a reference point for key stakeholders in the global economy.
The ranking is based on the time required for ships to complete their workload at the port in 2021, a year when the global supply chain experienced unprecedented port congestion and disruption.
Top 10 ports:
- King Abdullah port Saudi Arabia
- port salalai Oman
- Hamad port Qatar
- Yangshan Port China
- Khalifa port Abu Dhabi
- Tangier port Morocco
- Ningbo port, China
- Islamic port of Jeddah Saudi Arabia
- Guangzhou port, China
- Yokohama port Japan
Martinhumphreys, chief transport economist of the world bank and one of the researchers of the index, said: "increasing the use of digital technology and green fuel alternatives are two ways for countries to modernize ports and improve the flexibility of maritime supply chains." "Inefficient ports are a huge risk for many developing countries, because they will hinder economic growth, damage employment and increase the costs of importers and exporters. In the Middle East, substantial investment in container port infrastructure and technology has proved effective."
The new report also emphasized the resilience of East Asian ports, especially the ability of Chinese ports to effectively respond to the challenges brought about by the epidemic.
China's three major portals, Shanghai (Yangshan), Ningbo and the southern port of Guangzhou, all ranked among the top ten. In the previous year, Yokohama, the most efficient port in Japan, dropped to No. 10.
Key port performance indicators show that there are huge differences in global port efficiency in 2021. The best performing ports, such as King Abdullah port, transport an average of 97 containers per hour, while the major ports on the west coast of the North America transport only 26 containers per hour.
"The new crown pandemic highlights the key role that port performance plays in the timely supply of goods to countries and their populations. The impact of the pandemic on key global portals and related supply chains is worrying, and continues to cause serious supply delays and shortages of goods, leading to higher prices and a negative impact on the financial position of many companies", Turloch Mooney, deputy director of global market intelligence, maritime and trade of S & P, said.
The two major gateway ports of the United States are at the bottom
Due to the supply chain crisis, the logistics network in the United States has been seriously blocked. Los Angeles and long beach, the two largest ports in the United States, have become the logistics centers with the lowest container handling efficiency in the world, ranking second to last. The throughput of these two major ports in the United States accounts for about 40% of the total import and export volume of the United States.
In addition, most of the busiest shipping portals in the United States, including Savannah, Georgia, New York, New Jersey and Oakland, California, rank in the lower half.
Turloch Mooney said that compared with American ports, ports in Asia and Europe tend to be more modern and able to handle more goods, which enables them to operate more efficiently around the clock. This also means that when ships reach the other side of the Pacific Ocean, the United States cannot keep up with this level of efficiency. "China's loading ports have 24/7 operations. If you load 24/7 there, but you can't unload 24/7 at the destination port, you will encounter blocking points and backlogs."