"At present, the production capacity has recovered to about 50%. If the policy is further liberalized, the production capacity is expected to recover to about 70% by the end of the month." Li Xin, an auto parts enterprise located in Shanghai, recently told the first financial reporter.
Since March, affected by the epidemic, many auto enterprises and parts enterprises have stopped production one after another, which has impacted the auto industry chain. At present, production enterprises in the automobile industry have begun to resume production. Compared with the "lack of raw materials and product delivery" in April, the situation has improved in May. However, since the outbreak of the epidemic, logistics costs have at least doubled. Some logistics companies offer high prices. Some upstream and downstream companies in the automotive industry chain are negotiating and sharing logistics costs, while some smaller companies are unwilling to bear the corresponding increased costs.
Try to make logistics "turn"
Previously, a research report released by Ningbo automobile and Parts Industry Association showed that the impact of the epidemic on the automobile industry chain includes the extension of logistics receiving and dispatching cycle, the rise and non availability of raw material prices, the extension or non delivery of customers' delivery cycle, and the increase of logistics costs. In addition, due to the shutdown of some main engine plants and the reduction of orders, the parts enterprises with low profits are under great pressure.
The reporter learned in the interview that at present, the pressure of logistics has been relieved to a certain extent. For auto parts enterprises, there are two problems that need to be solved at present. One is the high logistics cost, and the other is the material production and transportation of upstream suppliers located in Shanghai.
"We are the first batch of enterprises on the white list to resume work, but some of our secondary and tertiary suppliers in Shanghai have not resumed work, so they can't produce normally." Li Xin told reporters that the main problem faced at that time was the lack of smooth logistics in April, because the inter provincial transportation involved the epidemic prevention policies of different regions, and many logistics companies were afraid to take over. For example, the policy of a certain area in the north is that all vehicles from other provinces cannot get off the highway. The solution at that time was to transit at the high-speed service station, transport the goods to the service station, and then the main engine factory sent a car to pick them up and transport them to the main engine factory with a local car.
Due to epidemic factors, the logistics cycle is generally prolonged. By establishing transfer stations, the logistics time is greatly shortened, and the upstream supply channels are also opened up. The reporter learned that previously, the delivery of parts was in the charge of parts enterprises, but some parts enterprises were unable to deliver goods due to being in the epidemic area. At this time, the main engine factory took the goods from the auto parts factory after getting the pass. At the same time, they assisted the auto parts factory to transport some logistics from other provinces to the factory with the help of the pass to assist the parts enterprise in production.
"In addition to Shanghai, we also have division plants in many other regions, taking some division plants as the distribution center of upstream suppliers. In addition, upstream suppliers will regularly transport some materials to Shanghai, which alleviates the pressure on production." Li Xin said that with the joint assistance of the upstream and downstream of the auto industry, the supply channels and transportation links of auto parts enterprises were opened up in May.
For the automobile industry, the biggest challenge of the current epidemic to enterprises is still the logistics cost. On the one hand, the high cost of automobile logistics makes some parts enterprises unable to afford it. They hope to return to normal as soon as possible in terms of logistics costs. On the other hand, the epidemic has had a certain impact on the operation of enterprises, and the operation pressure of enterprises has increased. The fixed salary of an auto parts enterprise on the white list of the first batch of resumption of work has reached more than 25 million yuan a month. "We hope to get policy support in terms of Taxation and social security. The operating pressure is really great." Li Xin told reporters.
Logistics costs at least doubled
With the outbreak of the epidemic, logistics costs began to rise. An auto parts supplier gave an example to reporters. A 9.6m truck was transported from Shanghai to Shandong. The previous transportation cost was 5000 ~ 6000 yuan, but now the cost is between 10000 ~ 13000 yuan, at least doubling.
"The overall logistics costs have risen. The prices offered by different logistics companies are different, and some of them are too high. According to the number of kilometers, the original cost of one kilometer is about 1.3 yuan, but now it is about 2.8 yuan, and some are higher than 3 yuan a kilometer. Generally speaking, when choosing logistics companies, automobile factories are screened in the form of bidding, so logistics companies can't replace them at will." Wang Liang, an insider of an independent auto enterprise, told reporters.
"We are negotiating with the main engine factory, because if the logistics cost is all on the parts enterprises, we can't afford it. Some large enterprises have the strength to bear it, and they will send cars to pick up the goods. Now there is a way to carpool. Generally, the main engine factory has multiple parts suppliers in a certain area, and the main engine factory sends cars to pick up the goods, which can take away the goods of several suppliers at a time, which can help the auto parts suppliers solve some problems Flow cost issues. " Li Xin told reporters that some parts enterprises have also chosen the way of carpooling to deliver goods abroad. However, in terms of logistics costs, some smaller customers are unwilling to share the costs with auto parts suppliers. "We are trying to negotiate with these customers." Li Xin said.
Wang Liang told reporters that the logic of the price increase of automobile logistics companies is that the hidden risk cost is high under the background of the epidemic, and some logistics companies will take this opportunity to open high prices. According to the agreed price, the logistics company cannot increase the price, but the logistics company believes that in case the driver is isolated, these costs are very high, and the vehicle enterprise should bear the corresponding risk costs, including driver isolation costs, parking fees, loss costs of automobile products carried by the logistics vehicle, etc.
"If the driver is isolated, the cost per day is about 2500 yuan. If the driver is isolated for 14 days, it is tens of thousands of yuan. If the vehicle is delimited during transportation, the logistics company will bear the corresponding risk. If the driver is isolated, this risk is very high. Therefore, the automobile logistics company is unwilling to take over the work under such circumstances, which will force the manufacturer to take the initiative to increase the price for transportation. In this process, some logistics companies are not excluded The company deliberately raises the price. " Wang Liang told reporters that the pressure of logistics companies is really great, especially the transportation of luxury brand products. Once the driver is isolated, the risk of damage to automobile products is very high, which will bring great pressure to automobile logistics companies, including vehicle risk and personnel risk.
For parts enterprises, they can choose carpooling mode to share logistics costs, but this mode is not applicable to vehicle enterprises. Vehicle enterprises and logistics companies will sign relevant agreements. Except for the winning company, vehicle enterprises cannot use other logistics companies for transportation, which is exclusive. In general, car companies send cars to dealers, and dealers are not willing to bear logistics costs.
"Even if the car enterprises resume production now, some car enterprises are afraid to send cars to some areas, mainly due to the problem of logistics cost and corresponding risks. Car enterprises are also negotiating with dealers on the allocation of logistics cost. If dealers can't accept it, they won't start the car for the time being. The logistics price is too high, dealers are unwilling to pay this part of the cost because of car collection, and dealers are under great operating pressure." Wang Liang said.